{"id":13240,"date":"2024-09-04T11:40:15","date_gmt":"2024-09-04T09:40:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/?p=13240"},"modified":"2024-10-03T18:38:33","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T16:38:33","slug":"de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/","title":{"rendered":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Colonel Georges Groussard, alias Gilbert et Eric, fut un ma\u00eetre du renseignement pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dirigeant les \u201cR\u00e9seaux Gilbert\u201d et collaborant \u00e9troitement avec l\u2019Intelligence Service britannique. Malgr\u00e9 les obstacles, il organisa une r\u00e9sistance efficace contre les Allemands depuis la Suisse et joua un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans l\u2019arrestation de Laval.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Photo :

Hommage au colonel
Georges Groussard,
le 25 Mai 2024<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avec
Dominique Fonvielle
et Alain Juillet<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

En 1942, le colonel Groussard \u00e9tait r\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00eatre l\u2019homme le mieux renseign\u00e9 de France. Ses \u00ab\u00a0R\u00e9seaux Gilbert\u00a0\u00bb, qu\u2019il anime depuis la Suisse, couvrent pratiquement la France enti\u00e8re et une partie de l\u2019Italie. La qualit\u00e9 des renseignements fournis \u00e0 l\u2019Intelligence Service lui vaudra d\u2019\u00eatre nomm\u00e9 Officier dans l\u2019Ordre du British Empire, (OBE), distinction que les Britanniques ne distribuent qu\u2019au compte-goutte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1938, Commandant en second, puis Commandant l\u2019\u00c9cole Sp\u00e9ciale Militaire en ao\u00fbt 1939, il assure jusqu\u2019au bout la formation de ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves qui prendront comme nom de promotion, en mars 1940, le nom d\u2019Amiti\u00e9 Franco-Britannique, avant de rejoindre le front. Lui-m\u00eame est nomm\u00e9 chef d\u2019\u00c9tat-Major du 12\u00e8me<\/sup> Corps d\u2019Arm\u00e9e, puis rejoint Paris avec le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Dentz nomm\u00e9 Gouverneur de Paris, comme Chef d\u2019\u00c9tat-Major. Il a la p\u00e9nible t\u00e2che de livrer Paris aux Allemands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019officier h\u00e9ro\u00efque de la Premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale ne peut admettre l\u2019armistice, tout en conservant un grand respect \u00e0 la personne du Mar\u00e9chal. Ce Vend\u00e9en, descendant de grands-parents dreyfusards, \u00e9poux de V\u00e9ra Berstein, avec laquelle il s\u2019est initi\u00e9 au renseignement en Bulgarie d\u00e8s 1928, lorsqu\u2019 elle avait voulu retourner sur la terre de son enfance, ne pouvait rester inactif.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alors qu\u2019il est sur le point de passer g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, il demande \u00e0 \u00eatre mis en cong\u00e9 d\u2019Armistice. Avec l\u2019appui du ministre de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur Peyrouton et du ministre de la Guerre, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Huntziger, il est nomm\u00e9 Inspecteur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Services de la S\u00fbret\u00e9 Nationale. Sous cette \u00ab\u00a0couverture\u00a0\u00bb, il va entreprendre de cr\u00e9er, depuis Vichy, le CIE (Centre d\u2019Information et d\u2019\u00c9tudes) et les Groupes de Protection, une organisation secr\u00e8te de cadres sous-officiers et officiers capable de reprendre la guerre, officiellement charg\u00e9e de la protection du r\u00e9gime. Il s\u2019inspire ainsi de l\u2019exemple allemand du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral von Seeckt apr\u00e8s le trait\u00e9 de Versailles (1919, 22, 29), en camouflant des activit\u00e9s interdites sous des organismes officiellement reconnus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mais Vichy n\u2019est pas Weimar, et le projet se heurtera \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0l\u2019hypoth\u00e8que Vichy\u00a0\u00bb[1]<\/a> et \u00e0 la politique de collaboration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avec l\u2019accord de Huntziger et l\u2019aide de Pierre Fourcaud[2]<\/a>, il effectue en juin 1941 un voyage clandestin \u00e0 Londres o\u00f9 il rencontre personnellement Winston Churchill, Premier ministre, Anthony Eden, ministre des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res et John Winant, ambassadeur des Etats-Unis, ainsi que les chefs du MI6 avec lesquels il est vraisemblablement en relation depuis 1940. Malgr\u00e9 sa demande, il ne peut rencontrer le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral De Gaulle alors en tourn\u00e9e au Moyen-Orient, et se heurte \u00e0 l\u2019hostilit\u00e9 des gaullistes[3]<\/a> qu\u2019il rencontre pourtant longuement, malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9ticences des Britanniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le colonel Groussard et ses Groupes de protection participent \u00e0 l\u2019arrestation de Laval en d\u00e9cembre 1941, mais lui-m\u00eame est arr\u00eat\u00e9 sur ordre de Darlan et intern\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises. Son projet s\u2019effondre, les Groupes de Protection et le CIE sont dissous sur ordre des Allemands. Qu\u2019importe, il change son fusil d\u2019\u00e9paule et, sachant que la Grande-Bretagne, seule encore dans la lutte contre les Allemands, a avant tout besoin de renseignement op\u00e9rationnel, avec l\u2019aide de ses amis et relations, il donne la priorit\u00e9 aux r\u00e9seaux Gilbert qui vont rapidement se d\u00e9ployer et se montrer particuli\u00e8rement efficaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ses partisans se nomment Virret, Kapp, Bruno, le Pr\u00e9fet Jacques Juillet (en 1942 \u00e0 la direction du personnel de l\u2019Administration Pr\u00e9fectorale \u00e0 Vichy)[4]<\/a>. Sa fille Fran\u00e7oise, alors \u00e2g\u00e9e de 12 ans lui servira, lors de ses p\u00e9riodes de d\u00e9tention, d\u2019agent de liaison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il est par ailleurs en contact \u00e9troit avec les r\u00e9seaux clandestins des SR et CE mont\u00e9s depuis le \u00ab\u00a0Serment de Bon Encontre\u00a0\u00bb, avec Paillole, Rivet, les colonels Ronin et Baril, ainsi que les groupes form\u00e9s par le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Heurteaux (en zone occup\u00e9e) et le commandant Loustaunau-Lacau (Alliance).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En novembre 1942, \u00e0 nouveau prisonnier de Vichy et risquant de se voir livr\u00e9 aux Allemands, il fausse compagnie \u00e0 ses ge\u00f4liers, et rejoint Gen\u00e8ve o\u00f9 il b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie de l\u2019appui des services suisses de renseignement et de l\u2019IS. Depuis ce \u00ab\u00a0sanctuaire\u00a0\u00bb, il d\u00e9veloppe les r\u00e9seaux qu\u2019il a mis en place d\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 1940 et qu\u2019il avait continu\u00e9 d\u2019animer depuis ses lieux de d\u00e9tention successifs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ses chefs de r\u00e9seaux sont les fr\u00e8res Ponchardier, Devigny (Vall\u00e9e du Rh\u00f4ne, Toulon), De Pace (Italie), Heurteaux (Zone occup\u00e9e), Dingler (Alsace-Lorraine), Bruno (Espagne), \u2026 avec un effectif global d\u2019environ 700 personnes et un taux de pertes tr\u00e8s bas, du fait de son exigence absolue en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le colonel Groussard n\u2019est pas gaulliste, bien qu\u2019il connaisse tr\u00e8s bien le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral De Gaulle depuis le SGDN o\u00f9 ils servaient ensemble en 1934-35. Passy et Dejean ne l\u2019aiment pas et le sous-estiment largement. Pourtant, il mettra \u00e0 la disposition des MUR ses moyens et les points de passage entre la France et la Suisse qu\u2019il contr\u00f4le totalement. B\u00e9nouville profitera \u00e0 de nombreuses reprises de son aide et de son appui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apr\u00e8s la guerre, le colonel Groussard, profond\u00e9ment choqu\u00e9 par les conditions de l\u2019\u00e9puration dans l\u2019arm\u00e9e, refuse les \u00e9toiles offertes par le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral De Gaulle. Il se consacre \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction de ses m\u00e9moires (\u00ab\u00a0Chemins secrets<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, en 1948, \u00ab\u00a0Services secrets<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb en 1964) et \u00e0 d\u2019autres ouvrages. Il rompt d\u00e9finitivement les ponts avec De Gaulle au moment de la crise alg\u00e9rienne, et se retire dans le sud de la France avec sa compagne de la guerre, Suzanne Kohn[5]<\/a>, qu\u2019il \u00e9pousera apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9c\u00e8s de sa premi\u00e8re \u00e9pouse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En septembre 1944, ses compagnons, r\u00e9unis \u00e0 Annemasse lui d\u00e9dicacent un t\u00e9moignage de fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 et d\u2019amiti\u00e9 qui, pieusement conserv\u00e9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 remis par sa fille Fran\u00e7oise au colonel Fonvielle pour \u00eatre d\u00e9pos\u00e9 dans un lieu de m\u00e9moire. Ce v\u0153u a \u00e9t\u00e9 exauc\u00e9 en mai 2024, \u00e0 l\u2019occasion du Congr\u00e8s de l\u2019AASSDN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aucun autre lieu ne pouvait mieux convenir que le Mus\u00e9e de l\u2019Officier de l\u2019acad\u00e9mie Militaire de St Cyr pour abriter le souvenir d\u2019un grand soldat, d\u2019un grand r\u00e9sistant, et d\u2019un ancien commandant de l\u2019\u00c9cole de Saint Cyr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Par le colonel (h) Dominique Fonvielle<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Peschanski, D\u00a0;\u00a0 Dauzou, L. \u00ab\u00a0La R\u00e9sistance fran\u00e7aise face \u00e0 l\u2019hypoth\u00e8que Vichy\u00a0\u00bb, Centre d\u2019Histoire Sociale du XX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, CNRS Universit\u00e9, Panth\u00e9on-Sorbonne Paris I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> L\u2019un des premiers \u00ab\u00a0missionnaires\u00a0\u00bb des FFL de De Gaulle en France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Capitaine Dewavrin, dit Passy, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 professeur de fortifications \u00e0 St Cyr sous son commandement, et Dejean, Directeur des affaires Politiques de De Gaulle, d\u2019embl\u00e9e totalement oppos\u00e9 au projet de Groussard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Groussard, Georges, \u00ab\u00a0Chemins secrets\u00a0\u00bb, Bader-Dufour, 1948<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Suzanne Kohn, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aviatrice, a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 le raid Paris Madagascar avant la guerre\u00a0; sa s\u0153ur Antoinette Sachs, muse de Paul G\u00e9raldy, \u00e9tait une tr\u00e8s proche amie de Jean Moulin.<\/p>\n

\"image_pdf\"<\/a><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Colonel Georges Groussard, alias Gilbert et Eric, fut un ma\u00eetre du renseignement pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dirigeant les \u201cR\u00e9seaux Gilbert\u201d et collaborant \u00e9troitement avec l\u2019Intelligence Service britannique. Malgr\u00e9 les obstacles, il organisa une r\u00e9sistance efficace contre les Allemands depuis la Suisse et joua un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans l\u2019arrestation de Laval. Photo : Hommage au […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13241,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,94,76,278,146,150],"tags":[1160,283,264,360,988,828,795,825,415,498,242,425,695,2564,797,218,246,986,1225,347,937,938,1184,241,2570,1120,346,958,1011,327,645,1218,2569,2572,1347,1378,240,2574,508,947,381,2578,339,324,792,303,736,2581,734,713,748,863,306,617,671,1387,1143,297,905,1152,262,1316,2571,214,355,664,422,467,433,234,667,468,737,1433,1464,472,1380,491,666],"class_list":["post-13240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1940-1942","category-1942-1945","category-1939-1945-2eme-guerre-mondiale","category-actualites","category-laction-des-services-avant-et-apres-1942","category-ou-etaient-les-agents-des-services-speciaux-avant-1942","tag-action","tag-alain-juillet","tag-algerie","tag-allemands","tag-alsace","tag-armee","tag-armistice","tag-arrestation","tag-bon-encontre","tag-bretagne","tag-churchill","tag-clandestin","tag-collaboration","tag-colonel-georges-groussard","tag-commandant","tag-congres","tag-darlan","tag-deces","tag-espagne","tag-etats-unis","tag-francais","tag-france","tag-general-de","tag-general-de-gaulle","tag-gilbert-et-eric","tag-groupe","tag-guerre","tag-guerre-mondiale","tag-heroique","tag-histoire","tag-hommage","tag-information","tag-intelligence-service","tag-intelligence-service-britannique","tag-italie","tag-jacques","tag-jean-moulin","tag-laval","tag-londres","tag-lorraine","tag-lutte","tag-maitre-du-renseignement","tag-memoire","tag-militaire","tag-mission","tag-moyen-orient","tag-officier","tag-officier-dans-lordre-du-british-empire","tag-ordre","tag-organisation","tag-paris","tag-periodes","tag-premiere-guerre-mondiale","tag-prison","tag-prisonnier","tag-promotion","tag-regime","tag-relation","tag-relations","tag-rencontre","tag-renseignement","tag-reseaux","tag-reseaux-gilbert","tag-resistance","tag-resistance-francaise","tag-resistant","tag-seconde-guerre-mondiale","tag-secret","tag-serment","tag-serment-de-bon-encontre","tag-services","tag-services-secrets","tag-sous-officier","tag-ss","tag-suisse","tag-temoignage","tag-tr","tag-universite","tag-vichy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDe Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Colonel Georges Groussard, alias Gilbert et Eric, fut un ma\u00eetre du renseignement pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dirigeant les \u201cR\u00e9seaux Gilbert\u201d et collaborant \u00e9troitement avec l\u2019Intelligence Service britannique. Malgr\u00e9 les obstacles, il organisa une r\u00e9sistance efficace contre les Allemands depuis la Suisse et joua un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans l\u2019arrestation de Laval. Photo : Hommage au […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1216\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"AASSDN\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"AASSDN\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"AASSDN\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/73800712a272e6d58a10a86ea9e59671\"},\"headline\":\"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1303,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/image-49.png\",\"keywords\":[\"action\",\"Alain Juillet\",\"Alg\u00e9rie\",\"Allemands\",\"Alsace\",\"Arm\u00e9e\",\"armistice\",\"arrestation\",\"Bon-Encontre\",\"Bretagne\",\"Churchill\",\"clandestin\",\"collaboration\",\"Colonel Georges Groussard\",\"Commandant\",\"Congr\u00e8s\",\"Darlan\",\"d\u00e9c\u00e8s\",\"Espagne\",\"\u00c9tats-Unis\",\"fran\u00e7ais\",\"France\",\"G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de\",\"G\u00e9n\u00e9ral De Gaulle\",\"Gilbert et Eric\",\"groupe\",\"guerre\",\"Guerre Mondiale\",\"h\u00e9ro\u00efque\",\"histoire\",\"hommage\",\"information\",\"Intelligence Service\",\"Intelligence Service britannique\",\"Italie\",\"Jacques\",\"Jean Moulin\",\"Laval\",\"Londres\",\"Lorraine\",\"lutte\",\"ma\u00eetre du renseignement\",\"m\u00e9moire\",\"militaire\",\"mission\",\"Moyen-Orient\",\"Officier\",\"Officier dans l\u2019Ordre du British Empire\",\"ordre\",\"organisation\",\"Paris\",\"P\u00e9riodes\",\"Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale\",\"Prison\",\"prisonnier\",\"Promotion\",\"r\u00e9gime\",\"relation\",\"relations\",\"rencontre\",\"Renseignement\",\"R\u00e9seaux\",\"R\u00e9seaux Gilbert\",\"R\u00e9sistance\",\"R\u00e9sistance fran\u00e7aise\",\"r\u00e9sistant\",\"Seconde Guerre mondiale\",\"Secret\",\"serment\",\"Serment de Bon encontre\",\"Services\",\"Services secrets\",\"Sous-officier\",\"SS\",\"Suisse\",\"t\u00e9moignage\",\"TR\",\"universit\u00e9\",\"Vichy\"],\"articleSection\":[\"1940-1942\",\"1942-1945\",\"2\u00e8me Guerre Mondiale (1939-1945)\",\"Actualit\u00e9s\",\"L'action des services avant et apr\u00e8s 1942\",\"O\u00f9 \u00e9taient les agents des Services sp\u00e9ciaux avant 1942 ?\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/\",\"name\":\"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/image-49.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/image-49.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/image-49.png\",\"width\":800,\"height\":1216},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/\",\"name\":\"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\",\"description\":\"Services sp\u00e9ciaux : Des h\u00e9ros anonymes au service exclusif de la France\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Logo_AASSDN_transparent2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Logo_AASSDN_transparent2.png\",\"width\":1832,\"height\":1609,\"caption\":\"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/73800712a272e6d58a10a86ea9e59671\",\"name\":\"AASSDN\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"AASSDN\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aassdn.org\\\/amicale\\\/author\\\/wordpress\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","og_description":"Colonel Georges Groussard, alias Gilbert et Eric, fut un ma\u00eetre du renseignement pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dirigeant les \u201cR\u00e9seaux Gilbert\u201d et collaborant \u00e9troitement avec l\u2019Intelligence Service britannique. Malgr\u00e9 les obstacles, il organisa une r\u00e9sistance efficace contre les Allemands depuis la Suisse et joua un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans l\u2019arrestation de Laval. Photo : Hommage au […]","og_url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/","og_site_name":"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","article_published_time":"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":1216,"url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"AASSDN","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u00c9crit par":"AASSDN","Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/"},"author":{"name":"AASSDN","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#\/schema\/person\/73800712a272e6d58a10a86ea9e59671"},"headline":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric","datePublished":"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/"},"wordCount":1303,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png","keywords":["action","Alain Juillet","Alg\u00e9rie","Allemands","Alsace","Arm\u00e9e","armistice","arrestation","Bon-Encontre","Bretagne","Churchill","clandestin","collaboration","Colonel Georges Groussard","Commandant","Congr\u00e8s","Darlan","d\u00e9c\u00e8s","Espagne","\u00c9tats-Unis","fran\u00e7ais","France","G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de","G\u00e9n\u00e9ral De Gaulle","Gilbert et Eric","groupe","guerre","Guerre Mondiale","h\u00e9ro\u00efque","histoire","hommage","information","Intelligence Service","Intelligence Service britannique","Italie","Jacques","Jean Moulin","Laval","Londres","Lorraine","lutte","ma\u00eetre du renseignement","m\u00e9moire","militaire","mission","Moyen-Orient","Officier","Officier dans l\u2019Ordre du British Empire","ordre","organisation","Paris","P\u00e9riodes","Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale","Prison","prisonnier","Promotion","r\u00e9gime","relation","relations","rencontre","Renseignement","R\u00e9seaux","R\u00e9seaux Gilbert","R\u00e9sistance","R\u00e9sistance fran\u00e7aise","r\u00e9sistant","Seconde Guerre mondiale","Secret","serment","Serment de Bon encontre","Services","Services secrets","Sous-officier","SS","Suisse","t\u00e9moignage","TR","universit\u00e9","Vichy"],"articleSection":["1940-1942","1942-1945","2\u00e8me Guerre Mondiale (1939-1945)","Actualit\u00e9s","L'action des services avant et apr\u00e8s 1942","O\u00f9 \u00e9taient les agents des Services sp\u00e9ciaux avant 1942 ?"],"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/","url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/","name":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric | AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png","datePublished":"2024-09-04T09:40:15+00:00","dateModified":"2024-10-03T16:38:33+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/image-49.png","width":800,"height":1216},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/de-vichy-a-geneve-les-reseaux-secrets-du-colonel-georges-groussard-alias-eric\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"De Vichy \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve : Les r\u00e9seaux secrets du colonel Georges Groussard, alias Eric"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/","name":"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","description":"Services sp\u00e9ciaux : Des h\u00e9ros anonymes au service exclusif de la France","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#organization","name":"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux","url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/Logo_AASSDN_transparent2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-content\/uploads\/Logo_AASSDN_transparent2.png","width":1832,"height":1609,"caption":"AASSDN | Anciens et Amis des Services Sp\u00e9ciaux"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/#\/schema\/person\/73800712a272e6d58a10a86ea9e59671","name":"AASSDN","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9653808d17788562e72d77e426d8d02775774239aefd00a9b4e852423d8e9d7e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"AASSDN"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale"],"url":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/author\/wordpress\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13240"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13240\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13241"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aassdn.org\/amicale\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}